Analyzing Brain Function Using Voxel -based Morphometric...

Analyzing brain Function Using Voxel –Based Morphometric Scanning Method A recent study shows, two groups of students, one group is comprised of 21 art students, and the other group consisted of 23 non artists. The process used to analyze brain function is known as voxel –based morphometric scanning method. The first group observed, was the artists group. They two variables of interest that were observed, was their drawing ability. This encompasses their overall ability to construct 3 dimensional objects, and draw them with 3D perspective, to include a viewpoint, edges, and corners. (See figure 2) The other interest of area studied, was whether the participant was an art student, or belonged to the group that belonged to the art group. The art students, and non- art students were shown to have large differences. The research concluded that the group of students that were artists, had a substantially more mass or gray matter in the parietal lobe’s peroneus area. According to Chamberlain, this part of the brain I most likely inked to creativi ty and visual imagery. This part of the brain helps the artist to manipulate objects in their brain, and help them to take it apart in order to understand its basic foundations. When comparing these two groups, according to ( Makuuchi et al. (2003), Miall et al. (2009) and Schlegal et al(2012) , research shows that the regions of the brain that are associated with visual-spatial and motor processing, are shown to be not only

Essay The Current Status of Medical Marijuana - 1929 Words

In the year 2008, Michigan voted in the use of marijuana for medical purposes. I will be exploring two papers, the first is Prohibition Works: Keeping Marijuana Illegal, the second is Legalization of Marijuana. In the paper Prohibition Works the author discusses numerous reasons marijuana should be kept illegal, and the second paper Legalization of Marijuana the author makes many valid points on why marijuana should be legalized for medical use. Michigan now joins 15 other states that have passed laws for consumption of marijuana for medical purposes. Both marijuana and medical marijuana are the same substance. In this paper I will discuss how the federal government views the use of marijuana, how doctors argue their case whether they are†¦show more content†¦WebMD has an article that lists the psychological effects of marijuana over a short time are: paranoia, time distortion, anxiety, depression random thoughts, and memory loss. There is also withdrawal in some patients ca n include: appetite loss, anxiety, depression, and aggression (Amal Chakraburtty, 2010). These side effects hold true to users of marijuana whether they use it legally with the medical marijuana card or if they are using this drug without the medical marijuana card. The federal government does not seem to be changing their laws when it comes to marijuana. Andre Kratzer makes reference to some doctors that believe marijuana is good for pain reduction, it can increase appetite, and calms down nausea (Kratzer, 2004). Even though some of the side effects are negative doctors look at the negatives and positives and weigh them out. If the positive effects are more of a benefit than the negative then they will suggest medical marijuana for that patient. The list for benefits of marijuana include but are not limited to cancer patients being treated with chemotherapy, AIDS patients that have lost their appetite, it is also said to be helpful in the relief of pain for MS patients, along with helping to slow the progression of glaucoma. However, doctors that are against the use of marijuana look at the bad side effects and decide that there is no medicalShow MoreRelatedLegalizing Marijuan The Blunt Truth1461 Words   |  6 PagesBlunt Truth When we imagine the uses of marijuana, we see the dazed hippies of the 1960s and 70’s, but really the first written record of cannabis goes back to 2727 B.C. by Chinese Emperor Shen Nung and it has been dated through almost every historic time. Not only was cannabis used for recreational and medicinal properties, but hemp was also used for cloth and textiles, paper, soap and hygiene products, food, and even industrial products such as fuel. Marijuana is not just the idolized drug mentionedRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Not Be Banned1439 Words   |  6 Pageshomes? Medical marijuana is a common phenomenon that is acceptable in more than half of the 50 states. Individuals of all ages are affected by the new regulations of the once illegal substance and exposed more than one might think. Marijuana is introduced through schools by peers as a parent struggles to ensure their child will maintain an effective future. This particular drug is dangerous and can have intense effects to the body. To reduce the exposure of the harmful effects of marijuana, physiciansRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1311 Words   |  6 Pagesotherwise known as Marijuana, is illegal in most parts of the world including the United States. However, the drug is now gaining acceptance worldwide as evidenced by the number of countries that are reducing or lifting penalties for possession of small amounts of marijuana. 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One of those most prolific findings is that in states where marijuana is legalRead MoreLegalization of Marijuana for Medicinal Usage800 Words   |  4 PagesLegalization of Marijuana for Medicinal Usage The legalization of marijuana for medical purposes is a question that seems to be scourging many states. Have you ever experience excruciating pain? Or have you ever witnessed someone suffering from agonizing morning sickness? Then still there are those that feel plagued with the chronic arthritis pain, or the nausea and vomiting, which often accompany chemotherapy. These individuals would welcome the use of marijuana for medicinal usage. Medical marijuanaRead MoreMedical Marijuana Is A Drug Misunderstood By Many Nation Wide1507 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana is a drug misunderstood by many nation wide however, most people do not consider it s legitimate medicinal application. Medical marijuana defined by Drugfacts refers to the use of the whole unprocessed plant to treat a disease or illness. The Drug Enforcement Administration has listed it under the schedule I classification which is the same classification that heroin, LSD, ecstasy and many other drugs are under. The clas sification identifies the drug as a dangerous substance that hasRead MoreIssue on Marijuana Essay example658 Words   |  3 PagesLegalization of Marijuana in the United States is an ongoing topic that has been going on for several years. There are vast majority of Americans who are for this move and against this move. While each side has several good arguments to defend their case, neither one has a distinct advantage over the other. I will be going over several arguments or point of views as well will have several facts about the effects of Marijuana whether it is good or bad. Marijuana is a very prominent and controversialRead MoreThe War Over Marijuana1862 Words   |  7 Pagesrogue elephant in the game room everyone running for president pretends not to see. (Steigerwald) The present works aim is to analyze the concerns which revolve around the marijuana state and federal legalization debate, with special emphasis on its positive outcomes. The majority of clinical research studies concerning marijuana use and its effects unravel the uncertainty which surrounds the subject and present the common pattern of insisting that further clinical enquiry is necessary. MeasurableRead MoreEssay about Should We Legalize Marijuana in Canada?1081 Words   |  5 PagesTo Legalize or to Not Legalize: The Debate Behind Marijuana in Canada The legalization of marijuana is an issue that consistently discussed and debated, not only in North America, but throughout the entire world. Despite being illegal in every country, marijuana remains the most widely used illicit drug in the world. The popularity of this drug is the cause for the continuous legalization debate, resulting in various legislations pertaining to the consumption of the substance. Every country hasRead MorePublic Health Effects Of Medical Marijuana1368 Words   |  6 PagesPublic Health Effects of Medical Marijuana Legalization in Colorado Over the last few decades, the controversy over marijuana has been heightened, specifically in the last decade or so, with the legalization of medicinal and recreational marijuana for parts of the United States. Now with increasing acceptance and with its counterpart scrutiny, research is being implemented to analyze whether the benefits truly outweigh the possible health effects to individuals and communities. In this article

Brachytherapy Source Calibration

Question: Discuss about theBrachytherapy Source Calibration. Answer: Dose Combination polarity is the application of both polarities ( i.e., negative and positive for the dose in Electrometer. This makes it easier to determine and note the amount ionization of different dose at different media used be it water or Perspex. In this application we form a polar molecule when one part is positively charged while the other one has a negative charge, making it form electrical poles. In some cases, we can use water and ethanol to form a solution since both are a polar molecule(Jack Venselaar 2012, p. 112). Discussion The combination of radiography and visual picture verification very crucial in the experiment as it helped to know well-chamber ionization chamber integrity. During the expectation of radiography, there was no physical damaged noted. From our experiment, the leakage currents were recorded for the regular time of 10/(factor/100) of the well-ionization chamber of the average of 29.30nA from different readings. There was corrections elimination of the leakage current in the electrometer background during the AKS reading. The experiment was carried at a temperature of 20.80C and a pressure of 1019.7 Hpa(P Mayles 2007, p. 211). From these values we were able to calculate ptf as follows; Ptf={(temperature +273.15) * 1013}/(293.15*pressure ; Ptf={293.95*1013}/(293.15*1019.7 Ptf=297771.35/298925.055 Ptf=0.09961 We managed to calculate the amount of Air kerma strength as follows Air Kerma Strength= Average readings (A) *Nk*ptf*Pion Air kerma Strength=(29.30*0.09961*1.00*1.57) Air kerma Strength=4.582cGym2hr2 Chambers well-type ionization are made to have a high sensitivity to photons which are scattered, and it is very important to eliminate these contributions of scattered photons when readings are taken. In most cases, it is recorded that there is an overestimation of current by about 1.1% if only it is put close to the walls. And these effects increases when the well-ionization chamber is put on the floor. Our experiment we found our ion collection efficiency (Aion) to be 1.00 which is 100% and is taken to be perfect(Peter Hoskin 2011, p. 255). Our measured value is within the range of that in literature which is 98.9% for most welltype ionization types. The value of the collected current of ionization did not depend on the voltage sign of polarizing. The Air-kerma rate determined in our experiment using BDS 1000 in chambers of well-type ionization through cross-calibration which was calculated and found to be 4.582cGym2hr2 as seen above. Our calculated value is in the range of tolerance with the activity value which is 4.76 cGym2hr2 (Sonja Dieterich 2015, p. 342). We also managed to calculate the apparent Activity (Ci) as; (Ci)= Average reading* Nc*pion*ptf (Ci)= 29.3*3.85*1.00* 0.09961 (Ci)=11.23 Cl Literature value of Cl is given as 11.7 Cl , and from that we can get the percentage error ( deviation ) as For Air-kerma rate; (4.76-4.582)/ 4.76 = 0.178/4.76 0.037394*100; 3.739%. For apparent Activity (Ci) ; (11.7-11.23)/11.7. =0.47/11.7 =0.040170*100 =4.017% So for the both values of apparent Activity (Ci) and Air-kerma rate lie within the range of 5% as they have a tolerance of 3.379% and 4.017% respectively. The sensitivity of the well-type ionization chambers are affected by the by the volume and the source energy(Yves Lemoigne 2009, p. 342). Conclusion In conclusion, we were able to get more familiarized with the use and parts of farmer chambers in full-scatter photons. Good applicators adaptors and calibrations were used with commercial standard, for any reading the chamber must be connected to a sensitive PTW electrometer. We also realized that the chambers of welltype are the best for the calibration of high dose rate and pulsed dose rate. We also managed to know how to eliminate attenuations in the chambers of well-type ionization. They are made to have high sensitivity to photons which are scattered, and it is very important to eliminate these contributions of scattered photons when readings are taken(Sonja Dieterich 2015, p. 278). Bibliography Jack Venselaar, ASMDBPJH 2012, Comprehensive Brachytherapy: Physical and Clinical Aspects, Taylor Francis, Stoke. P Mayles, ANJCR 2007, Handbook of Radiotherapy Physics: Theory and Practice, CRC Press, Waashington. Peter Hoskin, CC 2011, Radiotherapy in Practice - Brachytherapy, OUP Oxford, London. Sonja Dieterich, EFDPJZ 2015, Practical Radiation Oncology Physics: A Companion to Gunderson and Tepper's Clinical Radiation Oncology, Elsevier Health Sciences, Beijing. Sun I. Kim, TSS 2007, World Congress of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Springer Science Business Medi, Tokyo. Yves Lemoigne, AC 2009, Radiotherapy and Brachytherapy, Springer Science Business Media, London.

Rugby School Essay Example

Rugby School Paper Salman Rushdie was born in Bombay, India to a Muslim family. At the age of fourteen Rushdie was sent to Rugby School in England. In 1964 Rushdies parents moved to Karachi, Pakistan. During this time there was a war between India and Pakistan, and the choosing of sides. Rushdie wrote his novel East, West based on the cultural similarities and difference and the relationship between east and the west. The theme of his work shows many connections, disruptions, migrations and shows the contrast between the religion, influence and identity between the Eastern and Western world. The first three stories are set in India; they involve the section titled East. In the short story The Free Radio Rushdie shows a comparison between the Indian society, its classes and its backwardness. The main priority of the Indian lower caste people being wanting to rise above all even if it means giving up their manhood. The story is about, a young boy, Ramani(symbolizes the Indian people) who is characterized as a teenage boy, and gets married to a thiefs widow(Indira Gandhi), who looks only for his downfall. Ramani, who is uneducated and is from the lower caste society, gives up his manhood in order to get a free radio which was promised, but never arrives. During the time of the Emergency (1975-1977) the basic rights and freedoms were taken away from the people. India had problems with over population hence, men were forced to give up their manhood (vasectomy) if not voluntarily then they will be forced to do so. We will write a custom essay sample on Rugby School specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Rugby School specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Rugby School specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Ramani in this case who did this voluntarily showed that the lower caste society would do anything for a little money or satisfaction, they also dont think about their actions and consequences and does things willingly and not ready to accept what they did was wrong. This proves that Indira Gandhi was trying to destroy the lower caste society since they werent of much use. This is an image of no unity among the people of India they did what they thought was best for them. They were so driven by the idea of having a free radio that didnt exist. The radio could also be a symbol of the unity of India. Since thats the only medium in which they can communicate. Since it wasnt possible to get the free radio it meant that it was never possible to achieve unity among the people. Ram always had the rare quality of total belief in his dreams, and there were times when his faith in the imaginary radio took us in, so that we half-believed it was really on its way, or even that it was already here, cupped invisibly against his ear as he rode his rickshaw around the streets of the town. (Rushdie. East, West. 27). This meant that there was a dream that was believed by everyone but for the benefit of one person everything could be destroyed. The tone of this story is like of a fable. He uses this tone because it was a way of showing what happened in India was wrong and it didnt do much good to people or the nation. And it is written in a way that he lets you decide if what happened was right or wrong. The diction and syntax in the stories of the east is that of an Indian lower class English that was influenced by the british and many words are derived from hindi/Arabic or Sanskrit like pukka.