Investigate the Effect of Temperature on Cell Membranes and Membrane St

Investigate the Effect of Temperature on Cell Membranes and Membrane StructureIf you read a recipe for cooked common beet it exit usually advocatethat you dont remove the extincter skin of the beetroot and dont cut offal the stalk and root if you want to suspend getting lots of red dye inthe cooking water. Beetroot contains red pigments called betalains,located within the cell vacuole. Normally the pigments cant rid ofthrough membranes but they leak out when the beetroot is cooked.Aim The aim of this practical is to use beetroot to examine theeffect of the temperature on cell membranes and extend to the effectsobserved to membrane structure. To function correctly a cell needs tobe able to control transport across the partially permeable cellmembrane.Theory To understand how the red pigment leaks out of the beetrootit is essential that we understand the molecular Structure of a plasmamembrane.A membrane is a phospholipid bilayer. This means that it has twolayers of molecules called phospholipids. Each of these phospholipidmoleculeshas two parts A head that will mix with water but not with fat (i.e. it is hydrophilic) Two tails that will mix with fat but not with water (i.e. they argon hydrophobic).In the phospholipid bilayer, the hydrophilic heads are always on theoutside of the membrane. The hydrophobic tails are always on the inside of the membrane. Alone, this arrangement of phospholipids would forma barrier to water and to water-soluble substances. However, othermolecules are scattered among the phospholipids. These include lipids(including cholesterol in the membranes of animals), proteins andpolysaccharides. The proteins in membranes are of special interest tous. This is because they have a number of important functions. Proteins function as Carriers for water-soluble molecules (such as glucose) Channels for ions (such as sodium and chloride ions) Pumps, which use energy to move water-soluble molecules and ions Receptors, which enable hormones and nerve transmitters to bind to specific cells Recognition sites, which identify a cell as being of a particular type Enzymes, which speed up chemical reactions at the edge of the membraneThe ways that substances move across cell membrane are1. public exposure2. Active transport3. Faci... ...ees Celsius. Because at 30 degreesCelsius I would have presumed that the membrane would have been fairlystable. However my graph shows the contrary. This might be due tosources of erroneous belief in my experiment.Experiments - I have successfully gained my results that back myhypothesis. However the results have limitations and some sources oferror. The size of the beetroot is essential. In my experiment I useda ruler and cork bore to measure out the same size beetroot. The corkborer was a a good aid as it ensured that the beetroot had the samediameter. However using a ruler could present possible error. Due tothe surface area to volume ratio.As the test subway systems were taken out of the water bath and placed the inthe colorimeter the temp reduced by a few degrees. This small errorcould of change the results by 0.5 share inaccuracy. This is becauseof insufficient equipment.I understand this experiment is only on a small scale but to gainbetter results each test tube going up in 10 degrees Celsius so we cantell the point of denaturing more accurately, however I feel that I myexperiment showed hint of how a membrane functions under temperaturechange.